Page 119 - New Trends in Green Construction

COVERAGE OF ELECTRICITY DEMAND THROUGH PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTION IN THREE TYPES OF BUILDINGS IN THE CITY OF CORDOBA (SPAIN)
Isabel Santiago, Emilio J. Palacios-Garcia, Isabel M. Moreno-Garcia, Rafael J. Real-Calvo, Víctor Pallarés-López
Keywords: Photovoltaic, electricity demand simulation, self-consumption. 1. Introduction
The energy consumption in the residential sector represents 30% of global consumption and it is rising, due to the growing number of residential housing units and the increasing quality of life. One of the objectives to reduce its impact would be to attain a greater integration of renewable energy generation in the buildings and to balance consumption with production. Moreover, the advantages of self-consumption would be to reduce losses occurring in the current system of transmission and distribution of electricity, estimated around 14% of the energy produced, and to reduce the need to invest in new grids. In addition, the widespread deployment of self-consumption would help to achieve the objectives set by the global challenges and guidelines related to the electricity production, by means of renewable sources.
In this context, the main objective of this work has been to carry out an analysis over a full year of the electricity demand coverage degree through photovoltaic (PV) installations on the rooftop of typical buildings in the city of Cordoba. Three types of buildings have been considered, depending on their economic level, which have been classified as low, medium and high level of incomes.
2. Materials and methods
In order to carry out this study, the types of buildings typical of neighborhoods in the city of Cordoba were first analyzed. For the electricity demand a previously developed model (Palacios- García, 2017) was used. The percentage of household appliances installed in the dwellings, according to their economic level was taken into account from data of the Statistics Institute of Andalusia for the province of Cordoba. The meteorological conditions registered in the city were also considered. For the generation of electricity, the production data monitored in a PV installation located on the rooftop of a building in the city of Cordoba was used. These data were extrapolated to the different types of buildings, taking into account the available surface on their roofs. With this information the values of the Demand Cover Factor (DCF), which is defined as the ratio to which the energy demanded by the installation is covered by the local PV production, and the named Supply Cover Factor (SCF), defined as the ratio to which the local PV supply is covered by the energy demand, were obtained. The first parameter would have a value of 100 % when all the energy consumed was simultaneously generated in a renewable way through the PV installation. The second would have a value of 100 % when all the locally generated PV energy was simultaneously consumed.
3. Results and conclusions
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